The IELTS Reading section often challenges test-takers with its True/False/Not Given (TFNG) question type. While it might seem straightforward, many students struggle to determine whether a statement is factually accurate, contradicts the text, or simply isn’t addressed at all.
In this guide, we’ll break down the TFNG question format, provide strategies for tackling it effectively, and help you build the confidence needed to ace this part of the IELTS Reading test.
What Are True/False/Not Given Questions?
In TFNG questions, you’ll read a series of statements and determine:
- True: The statement matches the information in the text.
- False: The statement contradicts the information in the text.
- Not Given: The text does not include enough information to confirm or deny the statement.
For instance, if the passage explicitly states that “Australia is the smallest continent,” and the statement reads “Australia is the largest continent,” the answer would be False.
Common Challenges with TFNG Questions
- Misinterpreting Information: Students often misinterpret subtle wording differences.
- Overthinking ‘Not Given’: Many test-takers assume information must always be present in the text.
- Paraphrasing Confusion: IELTS often rephrases the passage content, leading to confusion if you rely too much on keyword matching.
- Time Pressure: Spending too much time on one question can cost you valuable time for the rest of the section.
Proven Strategies for Answering TFNG Questions
- Read the Instructions Carefully
Ensure you understand whether the question asks for TFNG or Yes/No/Not Given. These two question types are similar but used in different contexts.
- Skim the Text First
Skim the passage to get a general idea of the topic before diving into the questions. This will help you locate relevant sections quickly.
- Focus on Keywords
Identify the keywords in the statement and locate them (or synonyms) in the text. Pay attention to exact details, such as dates, numbers, or specific terminology.
- Analyze the Statement
After finding the relevant part of the text, compare the statement closely to the information provided:
- Does it agree with the text? (True)
- Does it directly contradict the text? (False)
- Is there no mention or insufficient information? (Not Given)
- Avoid Assumptions
Base your answer only on the information provided in the text, not on your prior knowledge or opinions.
- Practice Paraphrasing
Since the IELTS test uses synonyms and paraphrasing, practicing this skill can help you better understand the relationship between the statement and the passage.
- Don’t Spend Too Much Time
If you’re unsure, make your best guess and move on. You can always revisit the question if you have time at the end.
Practice Example: Step-by-Step Solution
Passage Excerpt:
“Studies indicate that regular physical exercise can reduce the risk of heart disease. However, no evidence suggests that it has any impact on mental health conditions.”
Statement 1: Physical exercise decreases the risk of heart disease.
- Answer: True
- The statement matches the text exactly.
Statement 2: Exercise has been proven to improve mental health.
- Answer: False
- The text explicitly states there is no evidence to support this claim, making it contradictory.
Statement 3: Exercise affects heart disease more than mental health.
- Answer: Not Given
- The passage does not compare the degree of effect on heart disease and mental health.
FAQs
Q: How do I avoid confusion between False and Not Given?
A: False means the statement contradicts the text, while Not Given means there isn’t enough information in the text to verify the statement. Always look for direct contradictions to determine if the answer is False.
Q: Can I use my background knowledge to answer TFNG questions?
A: No. Only use the information provided in the passage. External knowledge can lead to incorrect assumptions.
Q: How can I improve my speed in answering TFNG questions?
A: Practice identifying keywords, skim-reading for context, and paraphrasing. Regular practice with IELTS reading passages will also help you become more efficient.
